![]() ![]() A Danish registry study published in 2018 found that one-year excess mortality was 20-25% after femur or pelvic, 10% following vertebral, and 5-10% following humerus fractures. Hip fractures are serious fractures that can lead to pain, disability, loss of independence, and high mortality. A spine fracture is associated with a 5-fold risk of a subsequent spine fracture and a 2-fold risk of hip and other fractures. ![]() Vertebral compression fractures are associated with substantial morbidity including: acute and chronic back pain, height loss, kyphosis, restrictive lung disease, early satiety, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality ( 1). Some of the key factors that are mechanistically involved in bone turnover are therapeutic targets for osteoporosis treatment. Sclerostin reduces the Wnt signaling pathway, thereby, suppressing bone formation by osteoblasts. Sclerostin, produced by the osteocytes embedded in bone, is the product of the SOST gene. In addition, the Wnt signaling pathway is a network of proteins that is involved in activating the transcription of genes that direct the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts. Interaction between RANKL and RANK stimulates osteoclastic differentiation, while OPG, made by osteoblasts, binds with RANKL and inhibits bone resorption. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa β (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) are key regulators of bone resorption. Osteoporosis results from a net increase in bone resorption relative to bone formation. ![]() Bone is a dynamic organ with continuous remodeling to maintain a healthy skeleton-osteoclasts resorb bone and osteoblasts form new bone ( 2). ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |